Skip to main content

The Final Blog

 The ways in which environmental change has impacted and will further impact water in Africa are far too great to be contained within this blog and there are countless other examples I could have included. Environmental change is not going anywhere. The pressure and legislation simply isn’t there to prevent us from exceeding the 1.5oC temperature rise that the Paris agreement sought to keep us under. There will continue to be a global, environmental response to the increasing temperature, but management is key to mitigating its impact on human populations.

The majority of African countries are often quoted as having a high vulnerability and low adaptability to climate change. However, I’d argue that many African people have been successfully adapting to changing environmental conditions for millennia, with incredibly complex agricultural systems, pastoral and hydrological systems driven by the seasonal variability in rainfall. The African Climate Report in 2005 discussed how adaption to existing climate variability would be hugely useful in adapting to climate change and I agree. With the right governmental support, funding and guidance, communities across Africa will be able to build upon their existing adaption capabilities. Hand in hand with efforts to keep global temperatures from rising as much as possible, this possibility seems to create hope in the bleak face of climate change.

That’s not to say it’s all sunshine and rainbows- as evidenced by COP27 governments are often unwilling or unable to fund the effort needed to adapt to climate change. This increases the importance of conversations such as we’ve had on this blog and the vital research done by academics across Africa and further afield. The issue of environmental change in Africa has to keep being refreshed and discussed to increase the pressure needed for truly impactful management to occur.

Thank you so much for reading,

Briony 

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Shrinking Water Sources: Lake Chad.

Lake Chad is a classic example of the impacts of environmental change on the hydrological system in Africa and therefore an excellent place for us to begin our exploration of this topic. Lake Chad is located in the centre of the semi-arid Sahel region of West Africa, spanning areas in Niger, Nigeria, Chad, and Cameroon.   In the 1960’s it was ranked as the world’s 6 th largest inland water body , covering an area of 25,000 km 2 . By 2004, its area was just 532 km 2 , a reduction of approximately 90%. The scale of the change can be visualised in Figure 1 . The lake has huge economic importance for the area, namely for the fishing industry but also for agriculture and pastoralism. Therefore measuring the changes to the lake and identifying the parameters that influence them is vital to adaptation. Figure 1 - A map of Lake Chad and its surrounding area, showing the character of the lake in 1960 and 2002. The rainfall patterns over the Lake Chad basin have a latitudinal gradie...

Lake Chad: Assessing Current Management Strategies.

To be truly effective, water management should be conducted considering the basin as a whole. Changes made in one part of the system will have huge impacts on the immediate upstream and downstream areas, but effects will be felt basin-wide. However, it is so often the case, and Lake Chad is no exception, that a river basin is divided amongst different authorities and management decisions are not made holistically. In an effort to tackle this and make water management decisions for Lake Chad on a regional scale, the Lake Chad Basin Commission (LCBC) was formed in 1964, joining together the states of Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, and Chad (and more recently the Central Africa Republic and Libya). Many of their past and ongoing projects have a broad focus on strengthening the resilience of the basin system but at the core of their activities is the aim to increase socio-economic security and reduce conflict for the 38 million who live in the basin. However, the LCBC is not recognised as a ...

Desertification- When The Dry Gets Drier.

In one of my previous posts, I broadly described how climate change will impact Africa’s hydrological cycle by making wet areas wetter and dry areas drier. There are a considerable number of negatives to extreme aridity: drought, degradation of vegetation and overstretching of resources to name three. All three of these impacts can contribute to desertification. Desertification is a specific type of degradation that occurs in dryland areas, extending arid areas beyond their existing boundaries and changing the environment of the landscape. It includes declines in the quality of soil, vegetation, and water resources, all of which can be either temporary or permanent. These declines are drastic for human populations, globally 2.7 billion of whom live in dryland areas . There is a complex relationship between climate change, drought, and desertification , linked by a number of feedback loops and this complexity has often hindered the comprehensive monitoring of desertification proces...